Apparatus for the production of half-stuff from peat.



N0. 690,363. Patented D90. 3|, I9Ul.

C. ESSEB.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION. OF HALF'STUFF FROM PEAT.

(Applicafion filed Aug. 9, 1901.)

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFrcE.

CHRISTIAN ESSER, or WIENER NEUSTADT, AUSTRIA-HUNGAR ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO ADOLF POLLAK, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HALF-STUFF FROM FEAT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 690,363, dated December 31, 190 1. Application filed August 9,1901. Serial No. 71,495. l\|o model.)

To all whont it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN ESSER, chief manager of a paper-mill, a citizen ofthe Empire of Germany, residing at WViener Neustadt, Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and nsefulImprovements in Methods of and Apparatus for the Production of Half-' Stuif from Peat-Turf; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and'use the same.

The methods hitherto in use for the pro'- duction of half-st-ufi from peat-turf give rise to the objection that the finer parts or fibers are destroyed it the action of the process is allowed to continue till all the fibers have been completely loosened from the coarser parts. In consequence of this proceeding it usuallyhappensthatduring thefurthertreatment (alkali treatment) into paper of themill, but the article produced is altogether of, low quality by reason of the faulty feltingcapability of the smaller particles of the halfstuff.

This invention has for its object to provide a mechanical arrangement for loosening the fibers from peat-turf for use in the manufacture of paper, which broadly consists in subjecting the turf to the mechanical action of stampers, whereby the coarser parts ofit are completely flattened and defibered without the destruction of the finer or weaker fibers.

The operation may be effected by any convenient stamping apparatus; but it is.advis-' able to use for this purpose the specially-designed-stamping apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a plan, of the improved stamping-mill,

According to our invention we provide a rotary circular table 1', supported upon a series of conveniently-disposed rollers b and provided with a peripheral toothed rack c, driven from the shaft '1; by means of appropriate gears clfand h 2', in conjunction with the intermediate-shaft. The said table 1 forms the bottom of a stationary cylindrical vat t, fitted with a central cylindrical part 5 in such a manner as to form between the two cylindrical parts-4 and 5 an annular space, the bottom of which is formed by a stone lining 2, carried on the table 1.

Above the table 1 are provided two crosswise-arranged vertical bows 6 6, which rest on symmetrically-disposed standards 7, externally of the cylinder. Each arm of the bows 6 is fitted with two sets of plummer-blocks 8 8, in which are mounted shaftsn w. In the center of the bows b is seated a vertical shaft with a beveled toothed wheel a, which latter is driven by similar wheels or pinions on the shafts n, mounted in the upper part of the plummer'blocks Sand also imparting motion to the shaft g for rotating the table. The other shafts c in the upper parts of the plum-, mer-blocks 8 receive motion from the centrally-disposed wheel a and transmit the motion, through the intervention of agear s t, to the corresponding lower shafts w, causing the latter to rotate in the opposite direction.

To each side of each pair of plu miner-blocks 8 8 and of the arms of the bows 6 are fixed guide-plates 9 10 for the stampersp pp q q (1. In these guides 9 10 are guided on both sides of each pair of shafts three stampers p p p q q g, which, with their pins to a, project in the path of the cams o 0, mounted on the shafts r 10, whereby the stampers are intermittently lifted and dropped. The stampers g on the one side of the shafts receive motion from the upper shaft 11, and the stampers p pp on the other side of such shafts receive motion from the lower shaft 20. The faces of the stampers p q are formed of wooden blocks j, while the bottom of the rotary table 1, on which the stampers fall, is, as already mentioned, furnished with a stone lining 2.

In front of each series of stampers is provided a blade or scraper It, hinged to the outer cylinder and serving to smooth the surface of the material after being disarranged by the blows of the stampers.

At a suitable part of the stationary outer casing 4 is fixed a plate a for discharging the sufficiently-treated peat-turf, the said plate dipping down to the surface of the table 1 and the casing 4 having a discharge-opening a, normally closed.

The operation of our improved apparatus is as'follows: The peat-turf, in order to loosen the fibers, is spread upon the table in alayer 3 of five to ten centimeters thick, which may be elfected by any appropriate automatic charging mechanism. In starting the apparatus the table is rotated, and in thismanner the material placed thereon is carried around underneath the stampers, which perform about one hundred to two hundred and fifty strokes per minute. When the peat-turf has been sufficiently treated, the dipping-plate a is placed in position and the door of the discharge-openings opened, so that the said material is thrown by the rotating table against the plate a and finally discharged through the opening 2. The action of the Stampers on the peat-turf is such as to crush only the coarse parts thereof between the wooden faces of the stampers and the stone surface of the table, and thus loosen all the fibers of these coarse parts, while the fine parts, which are already suitable for working into half-stuffs, are protected by the thicker parts from the action of the stampers, and thus remain uninjured. By this mechanical treatment of the peatturf in the herein-described apparatus the useless extraction of the fibers from the weaker parts is completely retarded, and only those parts are reduced which are otherwise unsuitable for the production of half-stuffs.

It must be well understood that the apparatus shown in the annexed drawings is merely an example of a constructional form,

as the principle of the invention, according to the opening statement, consists in the method of extracting the fibers of the peatturf for the production of half-stuffs mechanically by the action of'stampers.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patentof the United States, is-

1. -A machine for stamping peat-turf comprising a stone-faced table of annular form with inner and outer walls, a series of stampers located therein, means for reciprocating the stampers, and radial scrapers hinged to the outer wall and raised a slight distance above the table, substantially as described.

2. A machine for stamping peat-turf comprising a stone-faced table of annular form with inner and outer walls, a series of stampers located therein, means for reciprocating the stampers, a vertical plate extending across the annulus, a discharge-opening in the outer wall of the annulus adjacent to said plate, and means for closing said, opening, substantially as described.

' 3. A machine for stamping peat-turf comprising an annular table, two radial shafts one above the other above the table, a series of stampers along each side of said shafts,

means on the upper shaft for operating one series of stampers, and means on the lower shaft for operating the other series of stampers, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

CHRISTIAN ESSER.

Y WVitnesses:

FRIEDRICH BIMKE, ALvEsTo S. HOGUE. 

